Linux basics Wrap-up; Glossary terms from week 2

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Terms and definitions from Course 4, Week 2

Application: A program that performs a specific task

Bash: The default shell in most Linux distributions

CentOS: An open-source distribution that is closely related to Red Hat

Central Processing Unit (CPU): A computer’s main processor, which is used to perform general computing tasks on a computer

Command: An instruction telling the computer to do something

Digital forensics: The practice of collecting and analyzing data to determine what has happened after an attack

Directory: A file that organizes where other files are stored

Distributions: The different versions of Linux

File path: The location of a file or directory

Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS): The component of the Linux OS that organizes data

Graphical user interface (GUI): A user interface that uses icons on the screen to manage different tasks on the computer

Hard drive: A hardware component used for long-term memory

Hardware: The physical components of a computer

Internal hardware: The components required to run the computer

Kali Linux ™: An open-source distribution of Linux that is widely used in the security industry

Kernel: The component of the Linux OS that manages processes and memory

Linux: An open source operating system

Package: A piece of software that can be combined with other packages to form an application

Package manager: A tool that helps users install, manage, and remove packages or applications

Parrot: An open-source distribution that is commonly used for security

Penetration test (pen test): A simulated attack that helps identify vulnerabilities in systems, networks, websites, applications, and processes

Peripheral devices: Hardware components that are attached and controlled by the computer system

Random Access Memory (RAM): A hardware component used for short-term memory

Red Hat® Enterprise Linux® (also referred to simply as Red Hat in this course): A subscription-based distribution of Linux built for enterprise use

Shell: The command-line interpreter 

Standard error: An error message returned by the OS through the shell

Standard input: Information received by the OS via the command line

Standard output: Information returned by the OS through the shell

String data: Data consisting of an ordered sequence of characters

Ubuntu: An open-source, user-friendly distribution that is widely used in security and other industries

User: The person interacting with a computer