Module 4 Glossary
Module
New terms and their definitions: Course 1 Week 4
ARPANET: The earliest version of the Internet that we see today, created by the US government project DARPA in the 1960s
Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA): Regulates the information we show to children under the age of 13
Clients: A device that receives data from a server
DARPA: A US government project in the 1960s that went on to create the earliest version of the Internet that we see today
Domain name: A website name; the part of the URL following www.
Domain Name System (DNS): A global and highly distributed network service that resolves strings of letters, such as a website name, into an IP address
Ethernet cable: It lets you physically connect to the network through a cable
Fiber optic cable: Fiber optic cables contain individual optical fibers which are tiny tubes made of glass about the width of a human hair. Unlike copper, which uses electrical voltages, fiber cables use pulses of light to represent the ones and zeros of the underlying data
Globalization: The movement that lets governments, businesses, and organizations communicate and integrate together on an international scale
Hubs: Devices that serve as a central location through which data travels through
Internet: A worldwide system of interconnected networks
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN): Where website names are registered
Internet of Things (IoT): The concept that more and more devices are connected to the internet in a smarter fashion such as smart thermostats that turn off the air conditioner when you leave and turn it on when you come back
Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4): An address that consists of 32 bits separated into four groups
Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6): An address that consist of a 128 bits, four times the amount that IPv4 uses
Internet service provider (ISP): A company that provides a consumer an internet connection
IP address: The most common protocol used in the network layer, used to helps us route information
MAC address: A globally unique identifier attached to an individual network interface. It's a 48-bit number normally represented by six groupings of two hexadecimal numbers
Network: The interconnection of computers
Network Address Translation (NAT): A mitigation tool that lets organizations use one public IP address and many private IP addresses within the network
Networking: Managing, building and designing networks
Networking protocols: A set of rules for how we transfer data in a network
Network stack: A set of hardware or software that provides the infrastructure for a computer
Router: A device that knows how to forward data between independent networks
Server logs: Text files that contains recorded information about activities performed on a specific web server in a defined period of time
Servers: Devices that provide data to other devices that request that data, also known as a client
Switches: Devices that help our data travel
Transfer Control Protocol (TCP): A protocol that handles reliable delivery of information from one network to another
Uniform Resource Locator (URL): A web address similar to a home address
WannaCry Attack: A cyber attack that started in Europe and infected hundreds of thousands of computers across the world
Wireless networking (Wi-Fi): Networks you connect to through radios and antennas
World Wide Web (WWW): The information system that enables documents and other web resources to be accessed over the Internet