Unit 2

• Introduction
• Lesson 2.1 - Player Positioning
• 1.Create a new Project for Prototype 2
• 2.Add the 3d assets + first few lines of code
• 3. Instantiation
• Random Animal Stampeed
• Collision Decisions + GAME OVER

Introduction

we will make a top down prototype where you shoot things that come after you, kindof like galiga except in 3d and not at all like galiga XD

Lesson 2.1 - Player Positioning

1.Create a new Project for Prototype 2

• Open Unity Hub and create an empty “Prototype 2” project in your course directory on the correct Unity version. If you forget how to do this, refer to the instructions in Lesson 1.1 - Step 1

• Click to download the Prototype 2 Starter Files, extract the compressed folder, and then import the .unitypackage into your project. If you forget how to do this, refer to the instructions in Lesson 1.1 - Step 2

• From the Project window, open the Prototype 2 scene and delete the SampleScene

• In the top-right of the Unity Editor, change your Layout from Default to your custom layout

2.Add the 3d assets + first few lines of code

1. If you want, drag a different material from Course Library > Materials onto the Ground object
2. Drag 1 Human, 3 Animals, and 1 Food object into the Hierarchy
3. Rename the character “Player”, then reposition the animals and food so you can see them
4. Adjust the XYZ scale of the food so you can easily see it from above

 

1. • Attach the script to the Player and open it
   • In your Assets folder, create a “Scripts” folder, and a “PlayerController” script inside
   • At the top of PlayerController.cs, declare a new
   •  [SerializeField]
   • private float horizontalInput
   • In Update(), set horizontalInput = Input.GetAxis(“Horizontal”), then test to make sure it works in the inspector

using UnityEngine;

public class Movement : MonoBehaviour
{
    [SerializeField]
    private float horizontalInput;
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        horizontalInput = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
    }
}

 

 

4.Move the player left-to-right

• here we can get our input with this basic code, we use [SerializeField] for sanitization and allow us to see the value in the inspection panel to make sure we didn't fck up lol
• Declare a new public float speed = 10.0f;
• here's my code

using UnityEngine;

public class Movement : MonoBehaviour
{
    [SerializeField]
    private float horizontalInput;
    [SerializeField]
    private float speed = 30.0f;
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        horizontalInput = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
        transform.Translate(Vector3.right * horizontalInput * Time.deltaTime * speed);
    }
}

 

5+6. Keep the player inbounds

• In Update(), write an if-statement checking if the player’s left X position is less than a certain value
• In the if-statement, set the player’s position to its current position, but with a fixed X location
• Repeat this process for the right side of the screen
• Declare new xRange variable, then replace the hardcoded values with them
• Add comments to your code or not lol
  
  

  
  using UnityEngine;
  
  public class Movement : MonoBehaviour
  {
      [SerializeField]
      private float horizontalInput;
      [SerializeField]
      private float speed = 10.0f;
      [SerializeField]
      private float xRange = 20.0f;
      // Start is called before the first frame update
      void Start()
      {
          
      }
  
      // Update is called once per frame
      void Update()
      {
          if (transform.position.x < -xRange)
          {
              transform.position = new Vector3(-xRange, transform.position.y , transform.position.z);
          }
          if (transform.position.x > xRange)
          {
              transform.position = new Vector3(xRange, transform.position.y, transform.position.z);
          }
          horizontalInput = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
          transform.Translate(Vector3.right * horizontalInput * Time.deltaTime * speed);
      }
  }
  

New Functionality

The player can move left and right based on the user’s left and right key presses

The player will not be able to leave the play area on either side
New Concepts & Skills
Adjust object scale
If-statements
Greater/Less than operators
Next Lesson, We’ll learn how to create and throw endless amounts of food to feed our animals!


now use chat gpt to teach me thing and fix a bug that can occur when you move fast

float clampedX = Mathf.Clamp(desiredpoz.x, -Xrange, Xrange) become the min/max

using UnityEngine;
//needed a bit of editing coz cgpt3.5 is stoooooooopid
public class Movement : MonoBehaviour
{
    [SerializeField]
    private float speed = 10.0f;
    [SerializeField]
    private float xRange = 10.0f;
    [SerializeField]
    private float horizontalInput;
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {

    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        horizontalInput = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");

        // Calculate the desired position based on the input
        Vector3 desiredPosition = transform.position + Vector3.right * -horizontalInput * Time.deltaTime * speed;

        // Clamp the desired position within the x range
        float clampedX = Mathf.Clamp(desiredPosition.x, -xRange, xRange);
        desiredPosition = new Vector3(clampedX, desiredPosition.y, desiredPosition.z);
        // Move the object to the clamped position
        transform.position = desiredPosition;
    }
}

3. Instantiation

The first thing we must do is give the projectile some forward movement so it can zip across the scene when it’s launched by the player.

1.Make the projectile fly forwards

• Create a new “MoveForward” script, attach it to the food object, then open it
• Declare a new public float speed variable;
• In Update(), add transform.Translate(Vector3.forward * Time.deltaTime * speed);, then save
• In the Inspector, set the projectile’s speed variable, then test

using UnityEngine;

public class Pizza_gun : MonoBehaviour
{
    public GameObject Ammo;

    public float Weapon_Bullet_Projectile_Speed = 60.0f;
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        Ammo = GetComponent<GameObject>();
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        transform.Translate(Vector3.forward * Time.deltaTime * Weapon_Bullet_Projectile_Speed);
    }
}

• Create a new “Prefabs” folder, drag your food into it, and choose Original Prefab
• In PlayerController.cs, declare a new public GameObject projectilePrefab; variable
• Select the Player in the hierarchy, then drag the object from your Prefabs folder onto the new Projectile Prefab box in the inspector
• Try dragging the projectile into the scene at runtime to make sure they fly
• I added the ammo = get component thing for maybe powerups
• In PlayerController.cs, in Update(), add an if-statement checking for a spacebar press: if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Space)) {}
• Inside the if-statement, add a comment saying that you should // Launch a projectile from the player
• Inside the if-statement, use the Instantiate method to spawn a projectile at the player’s location with the prefab’s rotation
• Select all three animals in the hierarchy and Add Component > Move ForwardRotate all animals on the Y axis by 180 degrees to face down
• Edit their speed values and test to see how it looks
• Drag all three animals into the Prefabs folder, choosing “Original Prefab”
• Test by dragging prefabs into scene view during gameplay

using UnityEngine;

public class Movement : MonoBehaviour
{
    [SerializeField]
    private float speed = 10.0f;
    [SerializeField]
    private float xRange = 10.0f;
    [SerializeField]
    private float horizontalInput;
    [SerializeField] 
    public GameObject ProjectilePrefab;
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {

    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {


        horizontalInput = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
        // Calculate the desired position based on the input
        Vector3 desiredPosition = transform.position + Vector3.right * -horizontalInput * Time.deltaTime * speed;
        // Clamp the desired position within the x range
        float clampedX = Mathf.Clamp(desiredPosition.x, -xRange, xRange);
        desiredPosition = new Vector3(clampedX, desiredPosition.y, desiredPosition.z);
        // Move the object to the clamped position
        transform.position = desiredPosition;
        if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Space))
        {
            // shoot pizza
            Instantiate(ProjectilePrefab, transform.position, ProjectilePrefab.transform.rotation);
        }
    }
}

5.Make animals into prefabs

• Rotate all animals on the Y axis by 180 degrees to face down/ towards the player
  
• Select all three animals in the hierarchy and Add Component > Move Forward
• Edit their speed values and test to see how it looks
• Drag all three animals into the Prefabs folder, choosing “Original Prefab”
• Test by dragging prefabs into scene view during gameplay

6.Destroy projectiles offscreen

• Create “DestroyOutOfBounds” script and apply it to the projectile
• Add a new private float topBound variable and initialize it = 30;
• Write code to destroy if out of top bounds if (transform.position.z > topBound) { Destroy(gameObject); }
• In the Inspector Overrides drop-down, click Apply all to apply it to prefab

7. Destroy animals offscreen

• Create else-if statement to check if objects are beneath lowerBound: else if (transform.position.z < lowerBound)
• Apply the script to all of the animals, then Override the prefabs

8.Lesson Recap

Projectile and Animals are removed from the scene if they leave the screen

Next Lesson

• Instead of dropping all these animal prefabs onto the scene, we’ll create a herd of animals roaming the plain!

(

Random Animal Stampeed

1. Create a spawn manager

• In the Hierarchy, create an Empty object called “SpawnManager”
• Create a new script called “SpawnManager”, attach it to the Spawn Manager, and open it
• Declare new public GameObject[ ] animalPrefabs;
• In the Inspector, change the Array size to match your animal count, then assign your animals by dragging them from the Project window into the empty slots Note: Make sure you drag them from the Project window; not the Hierarchy! If you're going to spawn objects, you need to make sure you're using Prefabs, which are stored in the Project window.

2. Spawn an animal if S is pressed

• In Update(), write an if-then statement to instantiate a new animal prefab at the top of the screen if S is pressed

• Declare a new public int animalIndex and incorporate it in the Instantiate call, then test editing the value in the Inspector

3. Spawn random animals from an array

• In the if-statement checking if S is pressed, generate a random int animalIndex between 0 and the length of the array

• Remove the global animalIndex variable, since it is only needed locally in the if-statement

4. Randomize the spawn location

• Replace the X value for the Vector3 with Random.Range(-20, 20), then test

• Within the if-statement, make a new local Vector3 spawnPos variable 

• At the top of the class, create private float variables for spawnRangeX and spawnPosZ

5. Change the perspective of the camera

• Toggle between Perspective and Isometric view in the Scene view to appreciate the difference

• Select the camera and change the Projection from “Perspective” to “Orthographic”

6. Lesson Recap

• The player can press the S to spawn an animal

• Animal selection and spawn location are randomized

• Camera projection (perspective/orthographic) selected
  

New Concepts & Skills

• • Spawn Manager

  • Arrays

  • Keycodes

  • Random generation

  • Local vs Global variables

  • Perspective vs Isometric projections

Next Lesson

• Using collisions to feed our animals!

Collision Decisions + GAME OVER

1. Make a new method to spawn animals

• In SpawnManager.cs, create a new void SpawnRandomAnimal() {} function beneath Update()
• Cut and paste the code from the if-then statement to the new function
• Call SpawnRandomAnimal(); if S is pressed

2. Spawn the animals at timed intervals

• In Start(), use InvokeRepeating to spawn the animals based on an interval, then test.
• Remove the if-then statement that tests for S being pressed
• Declare new private startDelay and spawnInterval variables then playtest and tweak variable values

3. Add collider and trigger components

• Double-click on one of the animal prefabs, then Add Component > Box Collider
• Click Edit Collider, then drag the collider handles to encompass the object
• Check the “Is Trigger” checkbox
• Repeat this process for each of the animals and the projectile
• Add a RigidBody component to the projectile and uncheck “use gravity”

4. Destroy objects on collision

• Create a new DetectCollisions.cs script, add it to each animal prefab, then open it
• Before the final } add an OnTriggerEnter function using autocomplete
• In OnTriggerEnter, put Destroy(gameObject);, then test
• In OnTriggerEnter, put Destroy(other.gameObject);

5. Trigger a “Game Over” message

• In DestroyOutOfBounds.cs, in the else-if condition that checks if the animals reach the bottom of the screen, add a Game Over messsage: Debug.Log(“Game Over!”)
• Clean up your code with comments
• If using Visual Studio, Click Edit > Advanced > Format document to fix any indentation issues (On a Mac, click Edit > Format > Format Document)

6. Lesson Recap