# Wrap-up; Terms and definitions from Course 6, Module 2
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# Glossary terms from module 2 **Command and control (C2):** The techniques used by malicious actors to maintain communications with compromised systems **Command-line interface (CLI):** A text-based user interface that uses commands to interact with the computer **Data exfiltration:** Unauthorized transmission of data from a system **Data packet:** A basic unit of information that travels from one device to another within a network **Indicators of compromise (IoC):** Observable evidence that suggests signs of a potential security incident **Internet Protocol (IP):** A set of standards used for routing and addressing data packets as they travel between devices on a network **Intrusion detection systems (IDS):** An application that monitors system activity and alerts on possible intrusions **Media Access Control (MAC) Address:** A unique alphanumeric identifier that is assigned to each physical device on a network **National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Incident Response Lifecycle:** A framework for incident response consisting of four phases: Preparation; Detection and Analysis; Containment, Eradication and Recovery; and Post-incident activity **Network data:** The data that’s transmitted between devices on a network **Network protocol analyzer (packet sniffer):** A tool designed to capture and analyze data traffic within a network **Network traffic:** The amount of data that moves across a network **Network Interface Card (NIC):** hardware that connects computers to a network **Packet capture (p-cap):** A file containing data packets intercepted from an interface or network **Packet sniffing:** The practice of capturing and inspecting data packets across a network **Playbook:** A manual that provides details about any operational action **Root user (or superuser)**: A user with elevated privileges to modify the system **Sudo:** A command that temporarily grants elevated permissions to specific users **tcpdump:** A command-line network protocol analyzer **Wireshark:** An open-source network protocol analyzer