# Glossary terms from week 2

# Glossary terms from week 2

## Terms and definitions from Course 3, Week 2

**Address Resolution Protocol (ARP):** A network protocol used to determine the MAC address of the next router or device on the path

**Cloud-based firewalls:** Software firewalls that are hosted by the cloud service provider

**Controlled zone:** A subnet that protects the internal network from the uncontrolled zone

**Domain Name System (DNS):** A networking protocol that translates internet domain names into IP addresses

**Encapsulation:** A process performed by a VPN service that protects your data by wrapping sensitive data in other data packets

**Firewall:** A network security device that monitors traffic to or from your network

**Forward proxy server:** A server that regulates and restricts a person’s access to the internet

**Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP):** An application layer protocol that provides a method of communication between clients and website servers

**Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS):** A network protocol that provides a secure method of communication between clients and servers

**IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi):** A set of standards that define communication for wireless LANs

**Network protocols:** A set of rules used by two or more devices on a network to describe the order of delivery of data and the structure of data

**Network segmentation:** A security technique that divides the network into segments

**Port filtering:** A firewall function that blocks or allows certain port numbers to limit unwanted communication

**Proxy server:** A server that fulfills the requests of its clients by forwarding them to other servers

**Reverse proxy server:** A server that regulates and restricts the internet's access to an internal server

**Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP):** A secure protocol used to transfer files from one device to another over a network

**Secure shell (SSH):** A security protocol used to create a shell with a remote system

**Security zone:** A segment of a company’s network that protects the internal network from the internet

**Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP):** A network protocol used for monitoring and managing devices on a network

**Stateful:** A class of firewall that keeps track of information passing through it and proactively filters out threats

**Stateless:** A class of firewall that operates based on predefined rules and does not keep track of information from data packets

**Transmission Control Protocol (TCP):** An internet communication protocol that allows two devices to form a connection and stream data

**Uncontrolled zone:** The portion of the network outside the organization

**Virtual private network (VPN):** A network security service that changes your public IP address and masks your virtual location so that you can keep your data private when you are using a public network like the internet

**Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA):** A wireless security protocol for devices to connect to the internet